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by Robert L. Santos
California State University, Stanislaus
Librarian
University Archivist
blsantos@csustan.edu
Alley-Cass Publications
Turlock, California
Copyright 1998; Revised Edition 2002
"On my arrival in Jackson, in the latter part of 1850, I built a log cabin. The first night I slept in it, I had company of three rats. During the night, I felt something cold moving across my feet and thought it was one of the rats getting friendly. In the morning I found a rattlesnake curled up in a corner of my cabin."
___The Autobiography of Charles Peters
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"Additional Light on Sutter: A Selection of Hitherto Unpublished Sutter Items. "Golden Notes 14(January
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[C3]
Aiton, Arthur S. and J. Lloyd Meacham. "French Interest in California." Grizzly Bear 28(October 1921):
3, Supplement 1-2.
[C4]
Almqvist, Sten, John E. Norton, and H. Arnold Barton, transl. "Johan Fredrik Tengren: Soldier, Poet, Gold-Miner.
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Andersson, Niles. "Grandfather Was a Forty-Niner." Western Pennsylvania History Magazine 50(1): 33-50.
[C5a]
Apostol, Jane. "Augustin W. Hale: Hard-Luck Argonaut." Southern California Quarterly 82:2(2000): 145-168.
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________. "Gold Rush Widow." Pacific Historian 28(Summer 1984): 49-55.
[C7]
________. "Sylvester Allen Ballou: Argonaut in the Statehouse." Pacific Historian 27(Summer 1983): 52-63.
[C8]
Apperson, Orbell O. "The Sisson Story . . . " Siskiyou Pioneer 2(Fall 1954): 1-10.(Justin and Maria Sisson)
[C9]
Arbuckle, Clyde. "His Honor Judge William B. Almond." Pony Express Courier 9(June 1942): 3-4, 15-16;
(July 1942): 3-4; (August 1942): 3-4, 9, 14; (September 1942): 5-6, 16; (October 1947): 5-6, 12, 14, 16; (November
1942): 6-7, 12. (San Francisco judge)
[C10]
Ault, Phillip H. "Pioneer Nancy Kelsey: 'Where My Husband Goes, I Go'." The Californians 9(March-April
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[C11]
Baird, Anne. "James Woods: A Stockton Pioneer." Pacific Historian19(Summer 1975): 103-112.
[C12]
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[C13]
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[C14]
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[C15]
Bartley, Gertrude N. "The Scots of Table Mountain." Butte County Historical Society Diggin's 35(Spring
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[C16]
Barnhart, John D. "A Virginia Steamboat Captain on the Sacramento." Pacific Historical Review 9(December
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[C17]
Barron, Beverly. "The Celestial Empire." Chispa 13(April-June 1974): 453-460.(About Chinese in the gold
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[C18]
Baur, John E. "Californians Elsewhere: The Golden State's Nineteenth-Century Citizens at Large." Southern
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[C19]
Beauchamp, Jean M. "The Higgins Murder Case." Covered Wagon (1970): 70-75. (Horsetown, David C. Goodwin
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[C20]
Bean, Walton E. "James Warren and the Beginnings of Agricultural Institutions in California." Pacific
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[C20a]
Begovich, Michael. "Serbianism: How It Motivated the Serbian Pioneers of the California Gold Rush." East
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Behnke, Marcia and Irene Rudisill. "Offspring of '49er Was First White Child Born at Cherokee." Butte
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[C22]
________. "John W. Sutter." Society of California Pioneers Quarterly 1(September 1924): 83-84.
[C23]
________. "Marshall - The Gold Discoverer." Pony Express Courier 1(January 1935): 12-13.
[C24]
________. "California Gunsmiths for Three Generations." Pacific Historian 10(Winter 1966): 4-14.
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Bellows, Mike Howe. "Joaquin Murieta at Moke Hill." Pony Express 16(July 1949): 13.
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Bennion, Sherilyn Cox. "Women Editors of California, 1854-1900." Pacific Historian 28(Fall 1984): 30-43.
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Bidwell, John. "Address of John Bidwell, Delivered on November 1, 1897, to the Members of the Society of California
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[C28]
"Biography of Dr. Benjamin Shurtleff." Society of California Pioneers Quarterly 4(June 1927): 64-82.
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"Biography of John Bidwell." Society of California Pioneers Quarterly 3(March 1926): 30-45.
[C30]
Blackburn, George M. and Sherman L. Richards. "Unequal Opportunity on a Mining Frontier: The Role of Gender,
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Blew, Robert W. "The Californios and American Society." The Californians 3(May-June 1985): 14-18.
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________. "The House of Breuner." Pony Espress 17(October 1950): 1-13. (German furniture family)
[C37]
________. "The House of Traung." Pony Express 13(July 1946): 3-11. (San Francisco family)
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________. "In Days of Big Mike Goldwater." Pony Express 31(January 1965): 3-8; (February 1965): 8-10.
(Tuolumne County)
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Bonestell, Louis H. "Louis H. Bonestell: An Autobiography." Society of California Pioneers Quarterly
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[C40]
Bonsal, Stephen. "Edward Fitzgerald Beale: A California Pioneer." Out West, new series 4(August 1912):
81-93.
[C41]
Brereton, Roslyn. "The Glamorous Gold Rush: Great Stage Stars in California and Victoria in the 1850s."
Pacific Historian 13(Summer 1969): 6-14.
[C42]
Bridwell, Mary. "A Pioneer Life Story . . . " Siskiyou Pioneer 4:2(1969): 3-4, 21. (John Neilson)
[C43]
"Brief Biography of James Mason." Society of California Pioneers Quarterly 1(March 1924): 34-35. (Pioneer
Miner)
[C44]
"Brief Biography of Willard Brigham Farwell." Society of California Pioneers Quarterly 1(March 1924):
28-29. (Pioneer Miner)
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Bringhurst, Newell G. "Samuel Brannan and His Forgotten Years." Southern California Quarterly 79(Summer
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[C46]
________. "Sam Brannan: Restless Pioneer and Dreamer." The Californians 5(September-October 1987): 18-19.
[C47]
Broderick, Freda. "The August Louie and Jose Rose Families." Siskiyou Pioneer 3:4(1961): 46-51. (Azorean
pioneers)
[C48]
Brooks, Donna Kohn. "William Sullaway." Siskiyou Pioneer 5:4(1981): 28-34. (Around Horn, 1850)
[C49]
Broussard, Albert S. "Slavery in California Revisited: The Fate of a Kentucky Slave in Gold Rush California."
Pacific Historian 29(Spring 1985): 17-21.
[C49a]
Brown, David. "Hinton Rowan Helper's The Land of Gold and the Evolution of Race Relations in California."
American Nineteenth Century History 1:3(2000): 28-50.
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Brown, James S. "Prepare to Leave California." Pony Express Courier 2(July 1935): 10, 14-15. (Mormons)
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[C52]
Buckbee, Edna Bryan. "The 'Boys' Called Her 'Mammy' Pleasant." Pony Express 20(October 1953): 3-4, 10,
13-14. (Black woman San Francisco boarding house)
[C53]
________. "Carson - Oydsseus of the Southern Mines." Pony Express 13(May 1947): 3-6, 14. (John H. Carson)
[C54]
Buckbee, Edna Bryan. "'Chris' Lillie, First Pugilist of Southern Mines." Pony Express 16 (July 1949):
3.
[C55]
Bullough, William A. "Entrepreneurs and Urbanism on the California Mining Frontier: Frederick Walter and Weaverville,
1852-1868." California History 70(Summer 1991): 162-173.
[C55a]
Burich, Keith R. "Philip T. Tyson: 'The Jeremiah of the Gold Rush.'" Southern California Quarterly 79(1997):
409-430.
[C56]
Burnham, Alfonso Mason. "The Real Joaquin Murietta." Overland Monthly and the Out West Magazine 89(February
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[C57]
Bussert, Wendell. "Searles Tompkins." Siskiyou Pioneer 5:1(1978): 49-50. (From Iowa, overland, 1852)
[C58]
"Butte County U.S. Census 1850." Butte County Historical Society Diggin's 6(Summer 1962): 4-32. (Pioneer
names)
[C59]
Caesar, Clarence. "The Historical Demographics of Sacramento's Black Community, 1848-1900." California
History 75(Fall 1996): 198-213.
[C60]
Cahill, Helen Kennedy. "Captain Weber and Hist Place in Early California History." Pacific Historian
20(Winter 1976): 425-460. (Stockton)
[C61]
Caldwell, Willard. "Andrew Jackson Caldwell." Siskiyou 6:4(1991): 109-112. (From Illinois, Panama, 1851)
[C62]
"California Indian Characteristics." Overland Monthly 14(April 1875): 297-309.
[C63]
Carter, John Denton. "George Kenyon Fitch: Pioneer California Journalist." California Historical Society
Quarterly 20( December 1941): 328-340.
[C63a]
Chalmers, Claudine. "Francois, Lucienne, Rosalie: French Women-Adventurers in the Early Days of the California
Gold Rush." California History 78(1999): 38-153, 213-214.
[C64]
________. "The Lucky Frenchmen of the Yuba." The Californians 11:6(1994): 30-35.
[C65]
Chambers, John S. "General Sutter and His Fort." Grizzly Bear 21(September 1917): Supplement, 2, 17.
[C65a]
Chan, S. "A People of Exceptional Character: Ethnic Diversity, Nativism, Racism in the California Gold Rush."
California History 79:2(2000): 44-85.
[C66]
Chan, Fee. "Early Chinese in Oroville." Butte County Historical Society Diggin's (Winter1963): 8-17.
[C67]
Chaney, William A., ed. "A Lousiana Planter in the Gold Rush." Louisiana History 3:2(1962): 133-144.
[C68]
Chevalier, Euphrasie. "Interesting Stories of California's Gold Belt." Edited by George Dickenson. Grizzly
Bear 6(April 1910): 5, 25.
[C69]
Chinard, Gilbert. "When the French Came to California: An Introductory Essay." California Historical
Society Quarterly 22(1943).
[C70]
"Chinese Chronicles of Shasta County." Covered Wagon (1985): 53-68.
[C71]
"The Chinese in California." Pony Express 34(May 1968): 3-7.
[C72]
"The Chinese in the Mines." The Quarterly of the Tuolumne County Historical Society 8(July-September
1968): 252. (Letter from the San Joaquin Republican)
[C73]
Clar, C. Raymond. "Pioneer Among the Argonauts." Pacific Historian 5(November 1961): 144-155; 6(February
1962): 13-19, 49; 6(May 1962): 57-64, 86; (August 1962): 111-121.
[C74]
Clingan, Forest Melrose. "The Last Adventure of a California Pioneer: William Robert Garner." The Californians
10(September-October 1992): 40-47.
[C75]
Cloud, A.J. "Leaves From Early California History: John A. Sutter and Sutter's Fort." Overland Monthly,
second series 74(June 1922): 19-23.
[C76]
"'The Code Duello': Judge O.P. Stidger Meets Col. Richard Rust." Society of California Pioneers Quarterly
5(June 1928): 76-83. (Sutter Co. 1853)
[C77]
Cogswell, Moses Pearson. "San Francisco in August, 1849." Pacific Historian 10(Summer 1966): 12-18.
[C77a]
Coleman, William R. "This Emperor Did Wear Clothes." Manuscripts 49(1997): 5-13. (Joshua A. Norton of
San Francisco)
[C78]
"Colonel Edward Dickinson Baker, 1811-1861." Pony Express 22(April 1956): 1- 10. (California politician)
[C79]
Comstock, David A. "Proper Women at the Mine: Life at Nevada City in the 1850s." Pacific Historian 28(Fall
1984): 65-73.
[C80]
Conmy, Peter T. "Christmastide in California: 1846-49 With Walter Colton, Alcade of Monterey and Chaplain
United States Navy." Grizzly Bear 68(December 1941): 3.
[C81]
________. "Emperor Norton, 1819-1880." Grizzly Bear 56(November 1935): 3. (San Francisco 1850s)
[C82]
________. "General Sutter and the Admission of California to the Union." Grizzly Bear 64(September 1939):
4.
[C83]
________. "General Sutter and the Beginnings of Sacramento." Grizzly Bear 63(January 1939): 3.
[C84]
________. "General Sutter and the Indians." Grizzly Bear 63(March 1939): 3.
[C85]
________. "General Sutter and the Mormons." Grizzly Bear 63(April 1939): 3, 7.
[C86]
________. "General Sutter's Claims and Courts." Grizzly Bear 64(April 1939): 4.
[C87]
Cook, Sherburne F. "The Conflict Between the California Indian and White Civilization, Part III: The American
Invasion, 1848-1870." Ibero-Americana 23(1943).
[C88]
Cool, Peter Y. "Goodness Gold, and God: The California Mining Career of Peter Y. Cool, 1851-52, a Journal."
Pacific Historian 10(Summer 1966): 19-42.
[C89]
Coray, Michael S. "Negro and Mulatto in the Pacific West, 1850-1860: Changing Patterns of Black Population
Growth." Pacific Historian 29(Winter 1985): 18-27.
[C90]
Corcoran, May S. "Robber Joaquin As Seen in Statues of California, Legislative Journals and By One Living
Ranger." Grizzly Bear 28(June 1921): 4.
[C91]
Cosgrave, James F. "William Curtis, Pioneer Merchant." Noticias de Puerto de Monterey 2(March 1958):
1-76.
[C91a]
Crandell, John. "The Life and Times of Thomas J. White, M.D." Southern California Quarterly 79:2(1997):
161-170.
[C92]
"'Crazy Judah,' The Story of T.D. Judah, Railroad Builder." Golden Notes 7(January 1961): 1-8.
[C93]
Crebbin, Helen Rohrer. "The Rohrer Family." Siskiyou Pioneer 6:1(1988): 1-3. (Overland, 1850)
[C94]
Cross, R.H. "California's Forgotten Graves." Wagon Wheels (1944): 30-33. History and law)
[C94a]
Curry, Arlene. "Quest for Gold at Long's Bar." Butte County Historical Society Diggin's 45:4(2001): 67.
(Alphonso Boone)
[C95]
Dana, Julian. "The Army That Marched on Hangtown." Pony Express Courier 2(November 1935): 1, 8.
[C96]
________. "Father of the Fort." Pony Express Courier 1(January 1935): 4-5. (Sutter)
[C97]
________. "The Great Fires of San Francisco." Pony Express Courier 2(July 1935): 1, 12.
[C98]
________. "Norton I, Emperor of the United States." Pony Express Courier 2(August 1935): 11, 14.
[C99]
________. "Sutter the Man." Pony Express Courier 3(June 1936): 8.
[C100]
Dart, Dennis M. "Sacramento Squatter Riot of August 14, 1850." Pacific Historian 24(Summer 1980): 159-167.
[C101]
"Days of Gold: California Housekeeping in 1849." Land of Sunshine 13(July 1900): 108-112. (Methodist
Rev. William Taylor, San Francisco)
[C102]
De Ferrari, Carlo M. "The Ethnic Argonauts." Chispa 17(January-March 1978): 585-591.
[C103]
________. "The Maine Boys: A Sketch of Columbia's Pioneer Hildreth Brothers." Chispa 26(October-December
1986): 874-877.
[C104]
Dean, R.G. "Early-Life in the Mines." Grizzly Bear 23(August 1918): 12-13.
[C105]
________. "Life on the San Joaquin West Side, '52 to '54." Grizzly Bear 25(October 1919): 7, 19; (November
1919): 6-7; (December 1919): 11; 26(January 1920): 1-2.
[C106]
DeBerry, Drue L. "Gold Rush California: The Roots of a Regional Ethos." Pacific Historian 14(Summer 1970):
35-49.
[C107]
Delepine, Alphonse Antoine. "'Among an Eminently Warlike People': Tales of a French Argonaut." The Californians
6(July-August): 16-25; (September-October 1988): 48-57.
[C108]
________. "'The Best Is to Come with Nothing . . . '" The Californians 6(July-August 1988): 14-15, 56-57.
[C109]
Delgado, James P. "Juan Pablo Bernal: California Pioneer." Pacific Historian 23(Fall 1979): 50-62.
[C110]
Denny, Karl V. and David C. Denny. "Pioneer Entrepreneur of Scott Valley." Siskiyou Pioneer 2:8(1956):
9-13. (A.H. Denny)
[C111]
Derezynski, Daniel T. "Polish Settlers." Pacific Historian 23(Summer 1979): 29-36.
[C112]
Dillon, Richard H. "J. Ross Browne and the Corruptible West." American West 2:2(1965): 37-45.
[C113]
________. "Kanaka Colonies in California." Pacific Historical Review 24(February 1955): 17-23. (Hawaiians)
[C114]
________. "Visionary and Victim: Captain John Augustus Sutter." American West 17(May-June 1980): 55-59.
[C115]
Drury, Clifford M. "Walter Colton, Chaplain and Alcade." California Historical Society Quarterly 35(June
1956): 96-117.
[C116]
DuFault, David V. "The Chinese in the Mining Camps of California: 1848-1870." Historical Society of Southern
California Quarterly 41(June 1959): 155- 170.
[C117]
Early, Mabel Dorn. "Black Knight of Zayante." Pony Express 20(November 1953): 1-13. (Harry Love captures
Murietta)
[C118]
Eaton, Edna Behrens. "Charles Camden and the Camden Toll Road." Covered Wagon (1960): 8-13. (Shasta County)
[C119]
________. "Charles Camden and Tower House." Covered Wagon (1970): 65-69. (From New York, around Horn,
1849, built 1851)
[C120]
Edwards, Malcolm. "The War of Complexional Distinction: Blacks in the Gold Rush: California & British
Columbia." California Historical Quarterly 56(Spring 1977): 34-45.
[C121]
Ellison, William. "The Federal Indian Policy in California, 1846-1860." Mississippi Valley Historical
Review 9(June 1922): 37-67.
[C122]
Evans, E. Raymond. "Following the Rainbow: The Cherokees in the California Gold Fields." Journal of Cherokee
Studies 2:1(1977): 170-175.
[C123]
Fairchild, Frances. "Caleb Devine's Retribution." Grizzly Bear 50(October 1932): 5, 23. (Gold in El Dorado
County)
[C124]
________. "Facts About James Wilson Marshall." Pony Express Courier 2(January 1936): 4-5.
[C125]
________. "James Wilson Marshall and His Gold." Grizzly Bear 53(January 1934): 4-5. (Has picture of cabin
and blacksmith shop)
[C126]
Ferris, Joel E. "Hiram Gano Ferris . . . Pioneer Days in Illinois and California." Siskiyou Pioneer 1:5(1951):
20-25; 2:1(1951): 21-26; 2(Fall 1952): 14-20. (Overland)
[C126a]
Finley, Carmen J. 'The McFarlings: From Virginia to the California Gold Rush." Virginia Genealogist 44:1(2000):
3; 44:2(2000): 131; 44:3(2000): 186.
[C127]
Fischer, Christiane. "Women in California in the Early 1850s." Southern California Quarterly 60(Fall
1978): 231-254.
[C128]
Forrest, Earle R. "Enos L. Chrisman - '49er." Pony Express 12(June 1945): 7, 12; (July 1945): 7, 10.
[C128a]
Foucrier, Annick. "Le Voyage en Californie de Pierre Vignes, de Beguey, Gironde (1843-1851)." Annales
du Midi (France) 106(1994): 203-228.
[C129]
Francis, J.D. "Building the Fort With Captain Sutter." California History Nugget 3(October-November 1930):
83-91.
[C130]
________. "Walter Colton, American Alcalde of Monterey." California History Nugget 3(October-November
1930): 97-102.
[C131]
Freeman, Christine. "1827 - Aaron Augustus Sargent - 1887: Nevada County's International Citizen." Nevada
County Historical Society Bulletin 32(July 1978): 13-21. (From Massachusetts, overland, 1852)
[C132]
Freeman, Leslie J. "Biography of James Harrison Miller." Pony Express 20(May 1954): 3-5. (Shasta County)
[C133]
Friman, Axel. "Two Swedes in the California Goldfields: Allvar Kullgren and Carl August Modh." Swedish-American
Historical Quarterly 34:2(1983): 102-130.
[C134]
Frisbie, Mabel Moore. "Friends and Neighbors: We Were All Foreigners in French Gulch." Covered Wagon
(1949): 8-10.
[C135]
"Fritz Boehmer." Society of California Pioneers Quarterly 4(June 1927): 86-103. (German Around the Horn)
[C136]
Fritz, Christian G. "Judge Ogden Hoffman and the Northern District of California."Western Legal History
1(Winter-Spring 1988): 99-110.
[C137]
Galvin, Lynn. "Cloudwoman: The Life of Olive Oatman, an Old California Indian Captive." The Californians
13(April 1996): 10-19.
[C138]
Gates, Paul W. "California's Embattled Settlers." California Historical Society Quarterly 41(June 1962):
99-130.
[C139]
________. "The Fremont-Jones Scramble for California Land Claims." Southern California Quarterly 56(Spring
1974): 13-44.
[C140]
________. "The Land Business of Thomas O. Larkin." California Historical Society Quarterly 54(Fall 1975):
323-344.
[C141]
Gibson, Bernice. "Pioneer Women." Sutter County Historical Society News Bulletin 2(January 1960): 5-13.
(Short biographies)
[C142]
Giffen, Guy J. "California's Number on Bandit." Pony Express Courier 4(August 1937): 6. (About Jack Powers)
[C143]
________. "Who Killed Murrieta?" Pony Express Courier 4(November 1937): 7.
[C144]
Gilbert, Benjamin Franklin. "Hinton Rowan Helper on the Land of Gold." Journal of the West 12(October
1973): 521-562. (Northern Carolinian writer)
[C145]
Gill, Donald. "The Duelling Doctors of Stockton." Pacific Historian 25(Spring 1981): 52-58.
[C146]
Goodrich, James W. "Profit, Philanthropy and Politics: William Waldo's California Years, 1850-1853."
Southern California Quarterly 58(Fall 1976): 359-379.
[C147]
Gorsuch, Joan Cunningham. "Twice to the Mines: The Story of Addick Meentzen." Chispa 15(October-December
1975): 509-514.
[C148]
"Granville P. Swift." Society of California Pioneers Quarterly 8(December 1931): 266-267. (Miner 1847-1849)
[C149]
Green, Donald R. "Marshall Monument Site Improved by State." Grizzly Bear 24(November 1918): 5.
[C150]
Green, Laura J. "Life Story of Mansell Lee . . . " Siskiyou Pioneer 1:5(1951): 9-14, 19. (Overland)
[C151]
Greelis, Don K. "The First New York Volunteers in California." Pacific Historian 8(August 1964): 141-146.
[C152]
Gregg, Kate L. "Boonslickers in the Gold Rush to California.." Missouri Historical Review 41(1947).
[C153]
________. "Missourians in the Gold Rush." Missouri Historical Review 39(1945).
[C153a]
Griffith, Barbara J. "All the Lovely Sisterhood: The Ladies of the Theater in the California Gold Rush."
Journal of the West 37(1998): 7-10.
[C154]
Griswold, Robert L. "Apart But Not Adrift: Wives, Divorce, and Independence in California, 1850-1890."
Pacific Historical Review 49(May 1980): 265-283.
[C155]
Grossman, Lewis. "John C. Fremont, Mariposa, and the Collision of Mexican and American Law." Western
Legal History 6(Winter-Spring 1993): 16-50.
[C156]
Grout, Harriet Ogburn. "The Story of the Langdons and Osburns." Covered Wagon (1960): 26-27. (From North
Carolina, Panama, 1852, Shasta County)
[C157]
Guinn, J.M. "The Poetry of the Argonauts." Publications of the Historical Society of Southern California
5(1900-1902): 217-227
[C158]
Gullard, Pamela and Nancy Lund. "Up and Down Life of Sarah Wallis." The Californians 11:5(1994): 22.
[C159]
Gunther, Le Roy H. "Pilgrimage to Maj. Savage Monument." Pony Express 26(December 1959): 3-6. (James
Savage Indian agent and trading post Madera)
[C160]
Gunther, Le Roy H. "The Story of the Lundy Family." Pony Express 22(March 1956): 5-8. (Mono County)
[C161]
Haas, John B. "John B. Haas . . . Pioneer: Autobiography." Pony Express Courier 5(June 1938): 7-10; (July
1938): 7-10; (August 1938): 7-13; (September 1938): 7-10; (October 1938): 7-10; (November 1938): 7-10; (December
1938): 5-6, 11-12; (January 1939): 7-10; (February 1939): 7-10; (March 1939): 7-10; (May 1939): 7-10; 6(June 1939):
7-10; (July 1939): 7-10.
[C162]
Haas, Robert Bartlett and Peter Assion. "Charles Haas: A Baden '48er in California." Pacific Historian
26(Fall 1982): 1-21; (Winter 1982): 38-57. (Germans)
[C163]
Hagemann, Herbert L. "Juan Pablo Bernal." Pacific Historian 8(November 1964): 180-191.
[C164]
Haggerty, Timothy J. "The San Francisco Gentleman." California History 65(June 1986): 96- 103.
[C165]
Haine, J.J.F. "A Belgian in the Gold Rush: California Indians." California Historical Society Quarterly
38(June 1959): 141-155.
[C166]
Hale, Duane. "California's First Mining Frontier and Its Influence on the Settlement of That Area." Journal
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